Set as Homepage - Add to Favorites

精品东京热,精品动漫无码,精品动漫一区,精品动漫一区二区,精品动漫一区二区三区,精品二三四区,精品福利导航,精品福利導航。

【pure family sex videos】Enter to watch online.E.O. 9066: Cataclysm of Racism and Prejudice

By MADDIE TAWA, Courtesy of The UOP Pacifican

Feb. 19 – A Day of Remembrance for Japanese American Incarceration

On Feb. 19, 1942, the worst mass incarceration event in American history was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt: Executive Order 9066. This year, Feb. 19, or the Day of Remembrance for its signing, reaches its 80th anniversary.

Executive Order 9066 was a federal mandate that gave the Army the power to designate military zones for the sake of wartime security. While the order never explicitly stated ethnicity or race, high-ranking military officials, like Gen. John DeWitt, exploited the order to exclude and incarcerate 120,000 Japanese Americans without due process. Families lost their homes and livelihoods, but more importantly, they lost the liberty promised to them by the “Land of the Free.”

Many believe the order was a direct result of the bombing on Pearl Harbor and America’s entrance into World War II, but Dr. Zhou Xiaojing, a professor in the English Department at the University of the Pacific whose research focuses on the political spatiality of colonized land, believes there’s more to it than that.

Maddie Tawa graduated this spring from the University of the Pacific with a degree in Japanese and English.

“When they start talking about the camps, they always link it to Pearl Harbor, as if what happened to them was because of Pearl Harbor,” she says. “Ultimately, it was racism. It was the production of fear, the production of threat – the racialized enemy.”

Rather than a wartime precaution, the camps were the cataclysm of decades of racism and prejudice. Dr. Zhou believes that in remembering Feb. 19, it is vital to de-link the connection between the camps and Pearl Harbor in order to recognize the biases that influenced such drastic action.

University of the Pacific has a complex relationship with the camps. Stockton’s San Joaquin County Fairgrounds was once home to the Stockton Assembly Center, a holding center, one of the longest-running, that imprisoned incarcerees until the camps themselves were constructed. The Calaveras River, the same one that bisects Pacific’s campus today, was used as a border for Military Area No. 1, one of the military zones sanctioned by Executive Order 9066.

According to Professor George Yagi, a Pacific history professor whose own family was incarcerated during the war, some issues persisted years after the end of incarceration. “Up until 1997 or 1998, there was a city law in Stockton still in the books that said no Japanese would be allowed to live in the city limits,” he says. “I saw that when I was a teenager, and my dad and I just burst out laughing, saying we were illegal residents!”

Pacific itself was also complicit in removal orders. In May 1942, 53 students of Japanese descent were removed from campus and imprisoned in the Stockton Assembly Center.

“However undemocratic or unfair this mass evacuation seems, most agree that it is absolutely necessary for the protection of this West Coast,” Pacific Weekly, Pacific’s newspaper at the time,claimed.

As students departed for the horse stalls and barracks that awaited them at the assembly center, they were given a single photograph of the university entrance. Additionally, Harold Jacoby, the first dean of College of the Pacific (COP) and the founder of the Jacoby Center for Public Service and Civil Leadership, left Pacific to serve as an assistant director at Tule Lake, a high-security incarceration center that imprisoned the “No-No Boys,” Japanese Americans who answered “no” to a paradoxical loyalty questionnaire to test whether the community was worthy of service in the American military.

Dr. Jacoby defended the camps as “self-governing democratic communities” and defined incarcerees as “colonists” in his book “Tule Lake: From Relocation to Segregation.”

“Harold Jacoby was a good-hearted man, but it’s his position as a white American,” Dr. Zhou says in clarification of his actions. “He didn’t agree with the policy of segregation… His perspective was determined by his racial privilege and his position.”

For its complicity in incarceration, University of the Pacific has made efforts in reparations towards the former students. Seventy years after imprisonment, at Pacific’s 2013 commencement ceremony, honorary degrees were given to seven of the incarcerated students, several of which were received posthumously by living family members.

However, Nikkei Student Union, Pacific’s Japanese American cultural club, believes there’s still more to be done. “Incarceration traumatized the entire Japanese American community. It’s vital that we continue to talk about what happened, both in this country and on this campus.”

In spite of the 80 years passed since the initial issuance, Feb. 19 was only officially recognized as a day of observance by California last year thanks to Gov. Gavin Newsom. As anti-Asian hate crimes become more prevalent and citizenship continues to be a contentious topic, the importance of remembering past injustice is stronger than ever.

“There’s a threat that it can be repeated,” Professor Yagi says. “We’ve heard similar rhetoric thrown about today.”

Dr. Zhou similarly believes that the tragedy of incarceration must be remembered and stresses that failing to engage creates a “colonial unknowing,” or a “deliberately produced unknowing” that erases injustice. “Historical amnesia is a type of violence,” she says. “As a teacher, I must make that visible.”

0.1514s , 14261.7109375 kb

Copyright © 2025 Powered by 【pure family sex videos】Enter to watch online.E.O. 9066: Cataclysm of Racism and Prejudice,  

Sitemap

Top 主站蜘蛛池模板: 久久久久久久国产 | 欧美老妇与禽交 | 国产真实谜奸在线观看 | 亚洲制服欧美自拍另类 | 日本高清一区二区三区无码 | 久久视频精品3线视频在线观看 | 亚洲国产日韩在线 | 亚州免费一级毛片 | 日韩伦理电影动画在线观看 | 久久精品人妻一区二区蜜桃 | 亚洲无码加勒比 | a级情欲片国产 | 亚洲一区二区三区高清 | 狠狠鲁的网站 | 人妻αⅴ中文字幕 | 久久男人的天堂色偷偷 | 日韩欧美特黄特黄不卡日逼视频 | 国产福利视频一区二区 | 免费国产一级特黄aa大 | 国产91九色在线播放 | 国产精品无码电 | 91精品自拍视频 | av无码免费无 | 91秦先生在线观 | 欧美一级成人一区二区三区 | 极品国产在线 | a级毛片免费看视频 | 国产制服丝袜亚洲高清 | 少妇人妻偷人精品视蜜桃 | 久久久久久久久久综合情日本 | 蜜臀av无码国产精品色午夜麻豆 | 2024年99久久国产精品 | 无码成人午夜在线观看 | 日韩精品免费在线视频 | 国产一区二区精品久久麻豆 | 一区二区三区四区在线免费观看 | 亚洲无码精品动漫一区二区三区 | 国产亚洲精品第一区香蕉 | 国语自产免费精品视频一区二区 | 日韩人妻不卡一区二区三区 | 无码人妻一区二区三区免费看 |